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pawns: hanging

  1. Not isolated, but semi-detached -- a small island where both pawns are loose
  2. They are weak and can be attacked (Fischer-Spassky), but central hanging pawns can dominate space (Bertok-Fischer, Sokolsky-Botvinnik)

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pawn island

  1. A pawn island is one or a group of pawns separated by a file from pawns of the same side
  2. The pawns at the edges of islands are not necessarily isolated or hanging, but they are limited in the support they can get without making weakness. So, having fewer pawn islands in the endgame is an advantage.
  3. The term comes from Capablanca: in his game against Shipley, he enters a King and Pawn endgame with three pawn islands facing four; in his game against Kostic, he plays a Rook endgame with three Pawn islands against four

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pawn: passed

  1. A Pawn which cannot be blocked or captured by an enemy pawn on its way to the promotion square
  2. Usually very dangerous! (Fischer-Berliner)
  3. But can be blockaded (XX) or played around (Tartakower-Denker)

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pawn: isolated

"An isolated Pawn spreads gloom over the whole chess board" -- Xavery TARTAKOWER
  1. A Pawn with no pawns of the same side on neighbouring files
  2. Such a pawn can always be protected by pieces, and so may be a weakness
    • Isolated Queen's Pawns (IQPs) are a special case, where the owner of the IQP has some compensation in space and mobility

pawn: doubled

  1. Two pawns of the same side on the same file
  2. They are not easy to move and cannot easily be both protected, so, one or both may be a weakness (Fischer-Petrosian, Debbage-Lane, Matison-Nimzowitsch, Jepps-Regis)
  3. However, if the capturing pawn moves towards the centre, as it should, there maybe compensating advantages of central control, a half-open file and perhaps the Bishop pair (Bronstein-Najdorf, Bhend-Hort)

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pawn: candidate

  1. The unopposed member of a pawn majority which is a likely passed pawn
  2. I sometimes call them princesses: maybe a Queen one day!

pawn: backward

  1. A pawn that cannot be protected by a neighbouring pawn, not even by advancing, and so, a likely weakness (Chekhover-Rudakowsky, Pillsbury-Mason)
  2. We often see backward pawns in the Sicilian Defence, where, as part of a strong position, they are not so weak (Zinn-Sveshnikov)

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